![]() Most brake pads will also have vertical slotted lines that fill the same function. Most rim brake pads feature a directional indicator at the top of the pad, which doubles as a wear indicator. Replace rotors when they are less than 1.5 millimeters thick at the brake track, or if they’re noticeably damaged or warped. Rotors don’t wear as quickly as pads, but they do eventually wear out. Other telltale signs that you’re in need of fresh pads are scoring or grooves on the rim or disc rotor, which indicate something is gouging the brake track-either debris in the pad or a pad worn down to the metal shoe. When there’s one millimeter or less of brake pad material left, it’s time to swap. Tools: Flashlight, Vernier calipers for measuring rotor width (disc only) (Joe Lindsey) Disc (Repeat this every few weeks to check for wear.) You may need to open the brake caliper with a small lever (Shimano/SRAM) or button (Campagnolo). If you’re working on your front wheel, unthread the skewer nut opposite the lever just enough to get the wheel out of the dropouts. The wheel should drop out (you might have to jiggle it a bit). (Joe Lindsey) For rim brakesįor rear wheels, shift the gears to the smallest cog, which makes it easier for the wheel to slip past the rear derailleur cage on removal and re-installation. Open the quick-release skewer. At worst, it means a major brake service job. At minimum, this makes the pistons hard to re-seat. Doing so can cause the pistons to pop out of their seals. Note: never pull a hydraulic disc brake lever without a rotor or brake block between the pads. Open and unthread the thru-axle and slide it out of the hub, then lower the wheel out of the dropouts. Tools: None (Joe Lindsey) For disc brakes Lever throw: How far the brake lever moves before the pads contact the braking surface.Barrel adjusters: On cable-activated brakes, these small cylinders at the caliper can micro-adjust cable tension. ![]() ![]() Rotor bolts or centerlock ring: Disc rotors attach to the hub with either six bolts or a large lockring that threads into place.Brake shoe: The metal holder for the brake pad.Brake track: The section of the disc rotor (or wheel rim, for rim-brake systems) where the brake pads make contact.Disc rotor: A flat steel disc attached to the hub that is the braking surface in a disc brake system.Brake caliper: A metal structure attached to the bike frame that straddles the braking surface and contains the pistons and brake pads.Pistons: In a disc-brake system, this is the flat, cylindrical element inside a caliper that presses the pads against the rotor when you pull the brake lever.Brake block: A small plastic shim that inserts into the caliper while the wheel is off to hold the brake pads apart if you pull the brake lever.Dropouts: The slotted section of the frame and fork where the wheels attach.Wheel skewer or thru-axle: A threaded rod that attaches the wheel to the bike, often with a quick-release lever that pivots to tighten the wheel in place. ![]()
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